Zaalklapspruit Wetland Rehabilitation Monitoring
By P.J. Oberholster, T. E. Madlala and M. Thwala | 2019
R1500,00
Description
The Zaalklapspruit wetland under study has been identified as a “National Freshwater Ecosystem Area” and falls within a “critically endangered wetland” type. The Grootspruit wetland is ecologically engineered to improve its water quality and receives acid mine drainage (AMD) from an abandoned coal mine upstream. The aim of the initial study was to determine to what extent the rehabilitation of the Zaalklapspruit wetland improved downstream water quality. Improvement in the water quality was assessed through changes in pH, alkalinity, metals, TDS and electrical conductivity. The follow up study looked at the role played by groundwater-surface water interactions on the resultant water quality.
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What this report foundFailures continued after the safety factor approach was adopted, in pillars created both before and after it, so the record of failed workings has kept growing...
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Failures continued after the safety factor approach was adopted, in pillars created both before and after it, so the record of failed workings has kept growing since the original 27 cases. The database was updated and re-analysed to revise the strength formula and to set out the probability of failure associated with pillar designs.