Fabricated soils from South African fine coal discard

Fine coal waste has potential for both the recovery of a saleable fine coal fraction, by flotation or similar separation tool, and the re-purposing of the resultant bulk ash-rich fractions to soil fabrication. While, where these fractions are acid-generating, their preparation by two-stage flotation is preferred, in this project several fine coal waste fractions illustrated that they could be used directly in soil fabrication, improving the techno-economics.