Coaltech Research Association

Intra-seam Sedimentological Controls on Coal Quality: 2 Seam, Witbank Coalfield

Mark Grodner

Sub-seam mapping at an opencast colliery in the Witbank area, setting out a method geologists and resource estimators can apply to other seams.

by Mark Grodner | March 2003

What this report found

Sub-seams within the No 2 Seam were characterised at a single test site using lithology, seam thickness, proximate analysis, petrography and geophysical logs, and a paleoenvironmental model was built from them. Wireline logs separated coal from interburden but could not resolve the individual zones, because the physical differences are too subtle. Better sedimentological models gave better reserve and resource estimates.

R1500,00

Description

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Mapping of Old Bords and Pillars Revisited

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Desktop review of recent unmanned aerial and underwater vehicle systems and how they compare with borehole scanning, for engineers assessing the stability of old underground workings.

What this report foundMapping abandoned, inaccessible bord and pillar workings comes down to two options: borehole deployed laser or sonar scanning, or sensors carried in by...

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What this report found

Mapping abandoned, inaccessible bord and pillar workings comes down to two options: borehole deployed laser or sonar scanning, or sensors carried in by unmanned vehicles. Drone mounted laser scanning for air filled voids and sonar carried by small submersibles for flooded workings were judged the most promising, but intrinsic safety, deployment and the risk of losing equipment still favour borehole methods for occasional use.

Unlocking obstacles to the commercialisation of eutectic freeze crystallisation

2022

Laboratory crystallisation cell tests on copper, brass, stainless steel and aluminium cooling plates in sodium sulphate solution, aimed at replacing mechanical scraping in brine treatment plants.

What this report foundHeat exchanger material governs how fast ice scale forms during eutectic freeze crystallisation of dilute brine.

R1500,00

R1500,00

What this report found

Heat exchanger material governs how fast ice scale forms during eutectic freeze crystallisation of dilute brine. Induction time fell as thermal conductivity rose, so copper scaled first, while aluminium gave the lowest scaling rate because its low surface energy pushed ice crystallisation into the bulk. Stainless steel delayed onset but scaled heavily once nucleation started.

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