Coaltech Research Association

Treatment of reverse osmosis brines

N du Preez, J Christie, F Crundwell / February 2020

R1500,00

Description

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Development of Seam-Specific Strength Formulae for South African Collieries

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Statistical back analysis of an expanded collapse database, testing power, linear and non-linear strength models, for rock engineers setting pillar safety factors.

What this report foundBack analysis of 77 collapsed and 245 uncollapsed pillar cases showed that much of the scatter in pillar strength comes from differences between coalfields, so...

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What this report found

Back analysis of 77 collapsed and 245 uncollapsed pillar cases showed that much of the scatter in pillar strength comes from differences between coalfields, so a single national formula is unrealistic. Seam specific formulae were derived for the major coalfields; Free State and KwaZulu Natal data remained too sparse. The lognormal safety factor distribution was retained.

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Laboratory flotation test work on five weathered discard samples, comparing an emulsion binder with kerosene and optimising dosage and agitation speed. For plants looking at fine discard dumps.

What this report foundA high internal phase water in oil emulsion binder upgraded weathered ultra fine coal discard.

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What this report found

A high internal phase water in oil emulsion binder upgraded weathered ultra fine coal discard. At 5 kg/ton on a feed of 29.34 per cent ash and 20.94 MJ/kg, flotation gave a clean coal of 11.76 per cent ash and 28.61 MJ/kg at 15.61 per cent mass yield. Calorific value rose with agitation speed and fell with binder dosage.

Simulation of Regional Collapses in Bord & Pillar Workings

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Three dimensional modelling of a documented subsidence event in the Witbank coalfield, aimed at reserves in the seam above old workings that current pillar strength formulae sterilise.

What this report foundFinite element simulation reproduced the rapid collapse of bord and pillar workings in the 2 Seam at a Witbank colliery, showing that progressive pillar...

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What this report found

Finite element simulation reproduced the rapid collapse of bord and pillar workings in the 2 Seam at a Witbank colliery, showing that progressive pillar deterioration triggers snap through of a strong sandstone plate in the overburden. Too little was known about the chosen collapse to back out a real pillar safety factor, so the calibration goal was not met.

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